China is a major textile country, and the textile industry is one of the pillar industries of China's national economy. In the past 20 years, the textile industry enterprise prosperity index has shown volatile changes, which reached its peak in 2003, 2007, 2011, 2013, and 2017, and reached its peak in 2002, 2004, 2009, 2012 and 2016. Phased valleys. In 2013 and 2014, the overall prosperity index of the textile industry remained within the growth range, but the growth trend has slowed down compared with the previous year. In recent years, the prosperity index of the textile industry has basically remained the same as the previous year. The specific performance is shown in the figure below:（Click to share to LinkedIn）

(Textile Enterprise Prosperity Index)

In 2018, China's textile enterprises above designated size achieved a total of 5,370.350 billion yuan in their main business scale, a year-on-year increase of 2.90%. In 2019, the investment growth momentum of textile enterprises was weak, the level of efficiency declined, and the main economic operation indicators showed a slowdown. The textile and apparel enterprises above designated size achieved operating income of 4.943645 billion yuan, a decrease of 1.47% compared with the same period of the previous year. In 2020, due to the impact of the epidemic, the textile industry was relatively sluggish in the first half of the year, and orders surged in the second half of the year, almost making up for the losses in the first half of the year. Generally speaking, the textile industry is still booming.

In the past 10 years, among the industries above designated size, the added value of the textile industry has continued to grow, and the growth rate has slowed down in recent years. The details are as follows:（Click to share to Facebook）

(Growth rate of textile industry added value)

Among the industries above designated size in 2017, the textile industry grew by 4.0%. In 2018, the national retail sales of clothing, shoes, hats, and knitting textiles above designated size increased by 8% year-on-year, and the growth rate increased by 0.20% from the previous year, which was higher than that of units above designated size in the same period. The retail sales growth rate was 2.30%. In 2019, the growth rate of China's domestic textile and apparel market has slowed down. The national retail sales of clothing, footwear, hats, and knitted textiles above designated size increased by 2.90% year-on-year, and the growth rate has slowed by 5.10% compared with 2018.

Generally speaking, the textile industry is more susceptible to unfavorable factors such as fluctuations in international economic growth, rising raw material and labor costs, exchange rate fluctuations, and intensified industry competition. Although the growth rate has declined, the overall textile industry has maintained a steady growth trend. .

In the past 10 years, China's textile yarn, fabric and product exports have shown an upward trend year by year as a whole. Details are as follows:

(Export situation of textile yarns, fabrics and products)

To sum up, although the growth rate of the textile industry has slowed down significantly, the overall market is still huge, with exports increasing year by year and huge potential.

At present, in addition to the external environment, the factors hindering the growth of the textile industry are also its own industrial structure, production technology and technical problems. In order to meet the development needs of the textile industry, production efficiency and fabric qualification rate should be improved, and textile machinery is developing in the direction of intelligence.

In the textile production process, the key link to improve production efficiency and fabric qualification rate is cloth inspection. In recent years, cloth inspection machines have been continuously technologically innovated. In order to increase the speed of cloth inspection, automatic cloth inspection technology has emerged. A certain degree of difficulty, immature operation, and expensive, so there is no large-scale promotion and use.

Many companies, including Suntech, are studying automatic cloth inspection technology and believe that it will replace traditional manual cloth inspection in the future. But now, most cloth inspections still adopt the mode of cloth inspection machine + manual cloth inspection.

So, in the process of fabric inspection, how to improve the speed and accuracy of fabric inspection? In addition to using intelligent equipment, inspectors should also be familiar with defects and master cloth inspection standards.

What are the defects of fabric inspection?

How to deal with it?

Fabric defects are very complex, including spinning defects, weaving defects, printing and dyeing defects and so on.

Fabric defects formed by spinning include unevenness, thick warp, wrong weft, double yarn, de-weft, weak twist, strong twist, foreign fiber, yellow and white yarn, colored warp, colored weft, oily yarn, coal ash yarn, knot Veil, skirt wrinkles, etc. Since the winder has generally adopted a new type of electronic yarn clearer, it can remove most of the yarn defects, such as long thick knots, short thick knots, details, double yarns, knots, foreign yarns, colored yarns, etc., but the total removal efficiency is only It can reach 70%-80%, and there are still defects that are missed. For example, once a long section of thick warp is missed, it will cause multiple continuity, or even dozens of defective fabrics, which raises a higher level for inspection. Requirements.

Defects formed by weaving are obviously the focus of fabric inspection, mainly including rungs, thin and dense paths, double yarns, wefts, wefts, jumps (jumps, jumps, star jumps), warp shrinkage, weft shrinkage, and hundred feet (Referring to twill), poor edges, side bracing, broken warp, holes, foreign matter weaving, oil stains, dragging yarn, foreign fibers, cotton balls, cloth blooming, slub yarn, etc., general dragging yarn, cotton ball, cloth blooming 7 defects such as, weft, burr, sporadic slub, and foreign body weaving are often listed as small defects, which can be removed during manual inspection. The main defects should be marked and then repaired or opened.

Weaving defects should focus on the control of defects such as rungs, thin and dense roads, double yarns, jumps, broken warps, and broken holes. Once the above-mentioned defects appear, they should be classified and recorded separately, and scored and assessed. If they occur continuously or repeatedly, they must be shut down in time for processing.

Grading

The scoring of the appearance defect of the fabric surface is generally based on the length of the warp or weft defect. If there are problems in the warp and weft at the same time, such as a hole, it is generally regarded as a big defect.

Basic test items for fabrics: color difference (cylinder difference, match difference, side center, head and tail), weight, width and weft, handle, organization, color, appearance, size, odor, shrinkage (shrinkage, shrinkage) , Washing color fastness and rubbing color fastness.

Scoring criteria for fabric defects

Fabric inspectors should be familiar with the scoring standards for fabric defects at home and abroad, so as to accurately judge the defects and fabric scoring.

At present, the commonly used standard for fabric defects is the American "FOUR POINT SYSIEM" scoring method. The scoring method is as follows:

1. The defect is 3 inches or less (7.5 cm in centimeters)-give one point;

2. The defect exceeds 3 inches and reaches 6 inches (7.5-15 cm)-two points;

3. Defects exceeding 6 inches to 9 inches (15-23 cm)-score three points;

4. Defects more than 9 inches (23 cm or more)-score four points.

Of course, there is a little error between centimeters and inches. In fact, there is some flexibility when using the quarter-point system to inspect cloth. It is not a rigid 7.4 cm that must be one point, and 7.6 cm must be 2 points, depending on the type of defect and the customer Depends on the requirements.

Whether using the American standard four-point system or the European standard to inspect fabrics, it is people-oriented. In fact, it is the customer's standard. The American standard four-point system or the European standard is only a reference basis. Strictly speaking, the American standard four-point system is only an inspection basis. , Is not a standard in the strict sense. As for the American standard four-point system, what standard or how many points should it achieve? This depends on the country of export, the grade of the customer and the fabric.

If the customer's grade is not particularly high, just refer to the following standards:

Shirt fabrics or artificial cotton fabrics should be less than 18 points per hundred square meters;

Knitted jersey or pure cotton twill, less than 24 points per hundred square meters;Add spandex, silk or jacquard for 30 points and linen for 48 points.

The European standard is similar, but the size of the defect is used instead of the deduction.

The perception of scoring standards in Europe, the United States and China is very different: for example, China requires that it must pass the GB18401 mandatory standard or some certifications, such as testing agencies to pass CMA certification. However, SGS and ITS have not been CMA certified before entering China, but it does not affect their international influence. China values certification and standards, while Europe and the United States value the recognition of historical customers.

Customer satisfaction is the best cloth inspection standard. In the same way, the quality of fabric inspection machines and other equipment is also judged on the basis of customer reputation. At present, Suntech cloth inspection machine and cloth inspection packaging line have more than 4,500 customers and 10,000 machine installation cases around the world. It has a high reputation. The cloth inspection machine uses well-known brand components and 4MM A3 steel material. The cloth inspection packaging line is perfectly integrated The two major links of fabric inspection and packaging have greatly improved production efficiency. Welcome to inquire in detail.